Presses



United States Patent 127,129,110,1l7,145-150;249/134,l35; 210/(1nquired):25/(lnquired) [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 315,010 4/1885 Cross 100/129X 2,245,608 6/1941 Rogers 100/(Pellets)UX 3,130,666 4/1964 Hiller 100/129X 3,166,796 1/1965 Wehinger 249/135X 3,279,357 10/1966 Farmer 100/126X F ORElGN PATENTS 550,173 10/1956 ltaly 100/127 Primary Examiner-Peter Feldman Att0rney-Holcombe, Wetherill and Brisebois ABSTRACT: The invention is concerned with a lining bar of a press for removing liquid from liquid-containing solid materials by pressing action. The lining bar is of composite construction having a metal body carrying a facing of a hard, wear-resisting, non-metallic material, preferably a ceramic. The metal body provides the bar with the requisite strength, while the facing, which comes in contact with the material being pressed, has the requisite resistance to erosion.

Patented Sept. 22, 1970 Sheet .1 of 3 INVENTOR I. A -\n/ARD ATTORNEYS BY www Patented I Sept. 1970 Sheet INVENTOR BY J. A WARD 5, mud! My;

' ATTORNEYS PRESSES This invention relates to presses in which material is separated from associated liquid by the material being pressed against lining bars with spacing therebetween which permits the liquid, but not the material, to pass therethrough. The invention also relates to lining bars for such a press which will hereinafter be referred to as of a press of the type described.

A conventional press of the typedescribed can be, for example, a screw press in which a screw is mounted coaxially within a cylindrical cage formed by closely spaced lining bars which extend longitudinally of the cylindrical cage. The screw thread, which may be interrupted at intervals, is spaced closely from the bars. Material is fed into the cage and is carried along by the screw which has a decreasing pitch toward the discharge end of the press. Knife bars are provided in the cage to prevent the material from being carried round with the turning screw which increasingly presses the material against the bars, as the material advances through the press, so that the liquid to be separated from the material passes through the spaces for collection, if required, and the material, with a very high percentage of the liquid having been removed, is discharged at the exit end of the cage.

Important applications,,inter alia, of such a press are the dewatering of sugar cane bagasse and the removal of oil from oilcontaining vegetable products.

Conventional bars are generally made of steel with a hard facing of Stellite" (which is a trademark under which a hard, wear-resistant, corrosion resistant alloy is marketed) on their surfaces facing inwardly of the cylindenSuch bars are relatively expensive to produce and are subject to wear notwithstanding the hardness ofthe Stellite".

According to the present invention a lining bar for a-press of the typedescribed comprises a metalbody and, a facing of a hard, wear-resisting, non-metallic material secured a to the metal body to come into contact withthe pressed material.

Preferably the facing is made from a composition comprising a high percentage of alumina, e.g. 85 to l;percent with any balance being a compatible vitrifledceramic material;

0.3. a clay, bentonite and/or dolomite.

The facing may alternatively be, a glass or other composition comprising a high percentage of silica, e.g, at least 70 percent, the balance being e.g. alumina, calcium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide and/or an oxide of boron.

Other facing compositions are vitreous enamels and those comprising an extremely abrasion resistant material, e.g. silicon carbide, embedded in a softer matrix, e.g. of a ceramic material.

The lining bars having a ceramic composition are, in general, subject to less wear than conventional bars. They can, if desired, be designed to be reground when eventual wear occurs, give rise to minimal contamination of the material contacted and can be finished so that a low coefficient of friction obtains between them and the material being processed. It is. also possible to vary the coefficient by varying the finish of the' bars. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction tends to remain constant throughout the life of a bar.

The facing can be bonded, keyed or screwed to the body and may consist of a number of elements which abut one another to make up the complete facing to allowthe bar to flex slightly in service; where bonding is employed this can be effected using Aral'dite which is a trademark under which an adhesive is marketed.

The invention includes a press of the type described with FIG. 1 is a side view of a press lining bar,

FIG. 2 is a lateral cross-section of the bar, takenon line II+II ifFIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an elevation of the feed end of a press of the type described, for separating oil from oil seed, with lining bars as in FIGS. 1 and 2, and

FIG. 4 is a view on the line lV-IV of FIG. 3 showing linings in the feed end only of the press.

The lining bar 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is of composite construction, having a steel body 19 with a facing of a hard and wear-resisting, non-metallic, material. The upper face of the steel body, as seen in FIGS. I and 2, is formed with a shoulder 20 which extends the full length of the bar, while integral wedge-like lands 21 project from one side at intervals along the bar. The: facing is constituted by a series of relatively short, abutting, facing elements 22, each of which has one face formed with a shoulder mating with the shoulder 20 of the steel body. As shown in FIG. 2, the facing has a chamfer on its side face at 23.

The material of the facing elements 22 is preferably the Idustrial Ceramics Limitedandmarketed by them under their registered trademark Regalox" and which consists of the percent alumina body composition No. 5084/ l. The elements are produced by pressing, e.g. using an isostatic press at a pressure of 15,000 p.s.i. or by extrusion..-While the Regalox" ceramic is thepreferred material for the facing elements, other hard and wear-resisting non-metallic material capable of withstanding thefrigorous conditions of a press may be employed; for examplethere may be used glass and other silica compositions, containing at least 70 percent silica, with the balance made up of alumina, calcium oxide, sodium oxide,

potassium oxide and/or'an oxide of boron; a vitreous enamel;

or extremely abrasion-resistant materials such as silicon carbide embeddedin a softermatrix of for example a ceramic material.

which are held in position by cap screws 6.

The lining bars 1 have shims, not shown, which are arranged between adjacent bars and which provide clearances between bars for the passage of oil while preventing the escape of seeds and other solids. The shims, which may for example be 5 to 60 thousands of an inch thick according to the material to be pressed, are arranged between the lands 21 of one bar and the contiguous face,24 of the metal body of the adjacent bar. In thisway the shims do not contact or damage the ceramic facing elements 22.

The lining bars land the shims are held in very tight contact between diametrically opposed key bars 7 on the horizontal diameter of cage, with their adjacent gib bars 8, and shoe bars 9, a pair ofwhich is disposed at the bottom of each barrel ring 4 and a-pair at the top thereof. The shoe bars 9 are held by struts and nuts 10 in position on the barrel rings.

Knife bars, not shown, are disposed-between each pair of shoe bars 9, with blades of the knife bars extending at intervals radially inwardly to prevent unwanted rotation of the material being treated. The halves4a and 4b of each barrel ring 4 are pivotally secured at their bases by pivot pins 11 and clamping bolts and nuts 12 with clamping bars, 13. The halves are held together rigidly at their tops by clamping bars 14 and bolts and nuts 15.

v Pins 16 which are used to lift the barrel rings are disposed in upper holes in the barrel ring halves. Pivot pins 17, in holes in a horizontal middle line of the barrel ring halves in FIG. 3 carry stirrups 18 which aremerely usedto support the lower clamping'bars 13 during assembly.

The barrel rings 4 are enclosed in a cylindrical housing which acts as a manifold for collecting the liquid expelled through the spaces between the lining bars 1.

A screw, not shown, is arranged axially of the cylindrical cage 3 in the manner described in the introduction to this specification. The lining bars are so arranged in relation to the sense of rotation of the screw that the thrust applied by the pressed material to the facing 22 is in the right to left direction as viewed in FIG. 2. The thrust is thus transmitted to the steel body 19 through the abutting shoulders and not through the bonding adhesive. As the facing is made up of a number of short facing elements, the metal body 19 is capable of limited flexure under the loading without applying excessive damaging shear forces to the facing elements.

Material is fed and discharged through conventional means into and from the press in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 4.

I claim:

1. A lining bar for a rotary press comprising an elongate metal body and a facing of a hard, wear-resisting, non-metallic material surmounting and secured to the metal body over substantially the entire length of the body, said metal body being formed with at least one abutment surface engaged by a complementary surface on the facing to resist shear forces imposed on the facing during the action of the press and tending to break the attachment between the facing and the body.

2. A lining bar for a press of the type described comprising an elongate metal body having on one face a step extending substantially the entire length of the body and a correspondingly stepped facing secured to that face, the facing being of a hard, wear-resisting, non-metallic material.

3. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the facing is made of a ceramic material comprising a high percentage of alumina with any balance formed by a compatible vitrified ceramic material.

4. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the non-metallic material is a glass composition.

5. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the non-metallic material is a vitreous enamel.

6. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the non-metallic material comprises particles of silicon carbide embedded in a matrix of a softer substance.

7. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the facing consists of a plurality of elements of the non-metallic material arranged end to end along the length of the metal body.

8. A lining bar according to claim 1 in which the facing is bonded to the metal. body by an adhesive.

9. A screw press having a barrel constituted by a plurality of parallel lining bars, each of which comprises an elongate, substantially rectilinear, metal body having an abutment surface formed on its innermost face, and a facing of a hard, wear-resisting, non-metallic material surmounting and secured to said innermost face and having a complementary surface engaging said abutment surface to resist shear forces imposed on the facing during the action of the press and tending to break the attachment between said facing and said body.

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. Attesting Officer UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent 3,529,541 Dated September 22, 1970 Inventor(s Joseph llan Ward It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

The patent should be assigned to:

Rose, Downs 6 Thompson Limited, Kingston-upon-Hull, England, a British company Signed and sealed this 8th day of December 1970.

(SEAL) Attest:

Commissioner of Patents FORM PO-IOSU (10-69) USCOMM-DC BOSIG-FUD i ubs. covnmuur PRINTING orrlcl llll o-su-su WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR. 

